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Ozge Sensoy

Ozge Sensoy

Istanbul Medipol University, Turkey

Title: Understanding Differential Selectivity of Arrestins toward the Phosphorylation State of G-protein-coupled Receptors

Biography

Biography: Ozge Sensoy

Abstract

Arrestins (Arrs) are a family of four proteins (Arr1- 4) which mediate G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) desensitization and internalization by coupling to active and phosphorylated receptor. Recently, they have also been shown to mediate GPCR-independent signaling pathways. The specific functions of Arrs (desensitization vs. G-protein-independent signaling) can be regulated by differential phosphorylation of the receptor, which is known as the phosphorylation barcode. The molecular mechanism responsible for formation of a high-affinity complex between an Arr subtype and a GPCR having a certain phosphorylation pattern remains elusive but is crucial for directing the subtype towards a specific functional role, and hence paves the way for development of safer therapeutics with fewer side-effects. As a first step in that direction, we have started with elucidating the activation mechanism of Arr subtypes by carrying out comparative molecular dynamics (MD) studies of the two members of the family, namely Arr1 and Arr3, which exhibit the largest differences in terms of phosphorylation selectivity. In addition, we also modeled and simulated Arr1-R175E mutant, which is known to be constitutively active, and compared it to Arr1 and Arr3 to detect activation-related rearrangements. We found novel structural elements that had not been considered before as determinants for activation and can be targeted with drugs for functional modulation. The emerging model also proposes that activation of Arr1-R175E is connected to perturbation of the well-known region, namely, the polar-core, whereas no changes were observed in that region in Arr3 in spite of the presence of other activation-related changes. With that, we could propose a structural model to explain the molecular mechanism responsible for markedly reduced selectivity of Arr3 towards phosphorylated GPCRs. Finally, knowledge achieved in this study can also be utilized to modulate Arr binding to GPCRs under disease conditions such as otozomal dominant disorders and congestive heart failure.

References:

  1. Sensoy O, Atılgan A R and Atılgan C (2017) FbpA iron storage and release are governed by periplasmic microenvironments. PCCP. 19(8): 6064-6075.
  2. Sensoy O, Moreira I S and Morra G (2016) Understanding the Differential Selectivity of Arrestins toward the Phosphorylation State of the Receptor. ACS Chemical Neuroscience. 7(9):1212.
  3. Arango Lievano M, Sensoy O, Borie A, Corbani M, Guillon G, Sokoloff P and Weinstein H, Jeanneteau F (2015) A GIPC1-Palmitate Switch Modulates Dopamine DRD3 Receptor Trafficking and Signaling. Mol. Cell. Biol. 36(6):1019-1031.
  4. Sensoy O and Weinstein H (2015) A mechanistic role of Helix 8 in GPCRs: Computational modeling of the Dopamine D2 Receptor interaction with the GIPC1-PDZ domain. BBA-Biomembranes. 1848(4):976-983.
  5. Dalgicdir C Sensoy O and Sayar M (2013) A transferable coarse-grained model for diphenylalanine: how to represent an environment driven conformational transition. J. Chem. Phys. 139(23):234115.